<![CDATA[Forums - Judicial Acts]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/ Wed, 15 Apr 2026 15:43:40 +0000 MyBB <![CDATA[Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (September 2020)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1771 Thu, 31 Dec 2020 03:21:09 +0000 New Rogernomics]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1771 Quote:
Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (September 2020)
Proposed by @"Domais"
Section 1. Amendment to the Criminal Code Act

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, reads:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who knowingly or recklessly makes a false statement of material fact, shall be guilty of fraud.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.[/cell][/table]
]]> Quote:
Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (September 2020)
Proposed by @"Domais"
Section 1. Amendment to the Criminal Code Act

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, reads:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who knowingly or recklessly makes a false statement of material fact, shall be guilty of fraud.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.[/cell][/table]
]]> <![CDATA[[Amendment] Criminal Procedure Act Amendment (October 2020)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1727 Tue, 03 Nov 2020 01:26:06 +0000 Feux]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1727 Quote:
Criminal Procedure Act Amendment (October 2020)
Proposed By: @"New Rogernomics"
Preamble
This act defines the procedure by which the Court shall conduct Criminal Reviews in accordance with Article V Section 7 of the Twelfth Mandate.

Section 1. Petitioning the Court

(1) Petitions to conduct a Criminal Review shall:

a. be submitted to the Court in a public area,
b. identify a Defendant,
c. identify the crimes the Defendant is alleged to have committed and
d. include evidence and commentary thereof in support of the allegations.

(2) The Court shall consider the petition for three days before deciding whether to conduct a Criminal Review by two-thirds vote.

(3) Upon two or more justices deciding to conduct a Criminal Review, the Court shall immediately serve notice upon both the Plaintiff and the Defendant that a Criminal Review has begun and refer them to this document.

Section 2. Criminal Reviews

(1) Criminal Reviews shall be conducted in a public area.

(2) Once the Criminal Review has begun:

a. the Defendant shall be granted seven days to present evidence in their defence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far
b. then the Plaintiff shall be granted four days to present further evidence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far. After this, the Criminal Review will conclude.

(3) The Plaintiff and the Defendant may each be represented by another person who they may identify at any time. Each of them may be represented by only one person at any given time.

(4) Criminal reviews shall only require two justices to hear a case, except in the case of a criminal review appeal.

Section 3. Criminal Review Appeals

(1) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted in a public area, with the same procedure as a Criminal Review.

(2) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted with all three justices, and shall be the final court judgement on a case.

(3) Criminal Review appeals may be dismissed by all three justices if they hold there are no grounds for a criminal review appeal. ]]> Quote:
Criminal Procedure Act Amendment (October 2020)
Proposed By: @"New Rogernomics"
Preamble
This act defines the procedure by which the Court shall conduct Criminal Reviews in accordance with Article V Section 7 of the Twelfth Mandate.

Section 1. Petitioning the Court

(1) Petitions to conduct a Criminal Review shall:

a. be submitted to the Court in a public area,
b. identify a Defendant,
c. identify the crimes the Defendant is alleged to have committed and
d. include evidence and commentary thereof in support of the allegations.

(2) The Court shall consider the petition for three days before deciding whether to conduct a Criminal Review by two-thirds vote.

(3) Upon two or more justices deciding to conduct a Criminal Review, the Court shall immediately serve notice upon both the Plaintiff and the Defendant that a Criminal Review has begun and refer them to this document.

Section 2. Criminal Reviews

(1) Criminal Reviews shall be conducted in a public area.

(2) Once the Criminal Review has begun:

a. the Defendant shall be granted seven days to present evidence in their defence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far
b. then the Plaintiff shall be granted four days to present further evidence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far. After this, the Criminal Review will conclude.

(3) The Plaintiff and the Defendant may each be represented by another person who they may identify at any time. Each of them may be represented by only one person at any given time.

(4) Criminal reviews shall only require two justices to hear a case, except in the case of a criminal review appeal.

Section 3. Criminal Review Appeals

(1) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted in a public area, with the same procedure as a Criminal Review.

(2) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted with all three justices, and shall be the final court judgement on a case.

(3) Criminal Review appeals may be dismissed by all three justices if they hold there are no grounds for a criminal review appeal. ]]> <![CDATA[[Amendment] Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (July 2020)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1658 Wed, 16 Sep 2020 11:50:28 +0000 Feux]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1658 Quote:
Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (September 2020)
Proposed by @Domais
Section 1. Amendment to the Criminal Code Act

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, reads:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who knowingly or recklessly makes a false statement of material fact, shall be guilty of fraud.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.[/cell][/table]

-- Debussy, Speaker]]> Quote:
Amendment to the Criminal Code Act (September 2020)
Proposed by @Domais
Section 1. Amendment to the Criminal Code Act

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, reads:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who knowingly or recklessly makes a false statement of material fact, shall be guilty of fraud.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[table][cell]
Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.[/cell][/table]

-- Debussy, Speaker]]> <![CDATA[[Amendment] Amendments to the Criminal Code (July 2020)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1566 Thu, 16 Jul 2020 11:31:06 +0000 Feux]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1566 Quote:
Amendments to the Criminal Code Act (July 2020)
 
Proposed by: @Domais

Section 1. 1st Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act as currently written, reads:

[Table][cell]
Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[Table][cell]
Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. The Court may, during the course of a criminal review or legal question, sanction the distribution of information by majority vote. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.
[/cell][/table]

Section 2. 2nd Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, read:

[Table][cell]
Section 12. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 13. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 14. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.   
[/cell][/table]

(2) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)  as amended, shall read:

[Table][cell]
Section 12. Obstruction of Justice

(1) Any person who exercises their governmental powers or privileges to influence, prevent or delay a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice

(2) Any person who destroys or obscures information or evidence with the purpose of influencing, preventing or delaying a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice.

Section 13. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 14. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 15. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.   
[/cell][/table] ]]> Quote:
Amendments to the Criminal Code Act (July 2020)
 
Proposed by: @Domais

Section 1. 1st Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant section of the Criminal Code Act as currently written, reads:

[Table][cell]
Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.
[/cell][/table]

(2) The amended section of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) shall read:

[Table][cell]
Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. The Court may, during the course of a criminal review or legal question, sanction the distribution of information by majority vote. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.
[/cell][/table]

Section 2. 2nd Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) as currently written, read:

[Table][cell]
Section 12. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 13. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 14. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.   
[/cell][/table]

(2) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)  as amended, shall read:

[Table][cell]
Section 12. Obstruction of Justice

(1) Any person who exercises their governmental powers or privileges to influence, prevent or delay a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice

(2) Any person who destroys or obscures information or evidence with the purpose of influencing, preventing or delaying a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice.

Section 13. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 14. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 15. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.   
[/cell][/table] ]]> <![CDATA[[Amendment] Criminal Code Act Amendment (May 2020)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1483 Wed, 20 May 2020 18:18:38 +0000 Feux]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1483 Quote:
Criminal Code Act Amendment (May 2020)

Proposed by: @Domais

Preamble

In order to better ensure the fairness of the outcomes of our elections we, the Citizens of Lazarus, enact this amendment. 

Section 1. Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act, as they are currently written, read:

[Table][cell]
Section 11. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 12. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 13. Definitions
[/cell][/table]

(2) The relevant sections of Criminal Code Act, as amended, shall read:

[Table][cell]

Section 11. Electoral Fraud

(1) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses the communications powers granted to regional officers in an attempt to influence, promote, or damage an electoral campaign shall have committed electoral fraud.

(2) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses any monetary method including stamps to promote themselves, their campaign, damage the campaign of another or likewise shall have committed electoral fraud.

Section 12. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 13. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 14. Definitions
[/cell][/table] ]]> Quote:
Criminal Code Act Amendment (May 2020)

Proposed by: @Domais

Preamble

In order to better ensure the fairness of the outcomes of our elections we, the Citizens of Lazarus, enact this amendment. 

Section 1. Amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018)

(1) The relevant sections of the Criminal Code Act, as they are currently written, read:

[Table][cell]
Section 11. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 12. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 13. Definitions
[/cell][/table]

(2) The relevant sections of Criminal Code Act, as amended, shall read:

[Table][cell]

Section 11. Electoral Fraud

(1) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses the communications powers granted to regional officers in an attempt to influence, promote, or damage an electoral campaign shall have committed electoral fraud.

(2) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses any monetary method including stamps to promote themselves, their campaign, damage the campaign of another or likewise shall have committed electoral fraud.

Section 12. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 13. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 14. Definitions
[/cell][/table] ]]> <![CDATA[[Judicial Act] Criminal Procedure Act (November 2019)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1088 Sat, 07 Dec 2019 17:50:04 +0000 McChimp]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=1088 Quote:
Criminal Procedure Act (November 2019)

Proposed By: McChimp
Preamble

This act defines the procedure by which the Court shall conduct Criminal Reviews in accordance with Article V Section 7 of the Twelfth Mandate.

Section 1. Petitioning the Court

(1) Petitions to conduct a Criminal Review shall:

a. be submitted to the Court in a public area,
b. identify a Defendant,
c. identify the crimes the Defendant is alleged to have committed and
d. include evidence and commentary thereof in support of the allegations.

(2) The Court shall consider the petition for three days before deciding whether to conduct a Criminal Review by two-thirds vote.

(3) Upon two or more justices deciding to conduct a Criminal Review, the Court shall immediately serve notice upon both the Plaintiff and the Defendant that a Criminal Review has begun and refer them to this document.

Section 2. Criminal Reviews

(1) Criminal Reviews shall be conducted in a public area.

(2) Once the Criminal Review has begun:

a. the Defendant shall be granted seven days to present evidence in their defence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far
b. then the Plaintiff shall be granted four days to present further evidence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far. After this, the Criminal Review will conclude.

(3) The Plaintiff and the Defendant may each be represented by another person who they may identify at any time. Each of them may be represented by only one person at any given time.

(4) Criminal reviews shall only require two justices to hear a case, except in the case of a criminal review appeal.

Section 3. Criminal Review Appeals

(1) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted in a public area, with the same procedure as a Criminal Review.

(2) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted with all three justices, and shall be the final court judgement on a case.

(3) Criminal Review appeals may be dismissed by all three justices if they hold there are no grounds for a criminal review appeal. ]]> Quote:
Criminal Procedure Act (November 2019)

Proposed By: McChimp
Preamble

This act defines the procedure by which the Court shall conduct Criminal Reviews in accordance with Article V Section 7 of the Twelfth Mandate.

Section 1. Petitioning the Court

(1) Petitions to conduct a Criminal Review shall:

a. be submitted to the Court in a public area,
b. identify a Defendant,
c. identify the crimes the Defendant is alleged to have committed and
d. include evidence and commentary thereof in support of the allegations.

(2) The Court shall consider the petition for three days before deciding whether to conduct a Criminal Review by two-thirds vote.

(3) Upon two or more justices deciding to conduct a Criminal Review, the Court shall immediately serve notice upon both the Plaintiff and the Defendant that a Criminal Review has begun and refer them to this document.

Section 2. Criminal Reviews

(1) Criminal Reviews shall be conducted in a public area.

(2) Once the Criminal Review has begun:

a. the Defendant shall be granted seven days to present evidence in their defence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far
b. then the Plaintiff shall be granted four days to present further evidence and commentary on all evidence submitted to the Court thus far. After this, the Criminal Review will conclude.

(3) The Plaintiff and the Defendant may each be represented by another person who they may identify at any time. Each of them may be represented by only one person at any given time.

(4) Criminal reviews shall only require two justices to hear a case, except in the case of a criminal review appeal.

Section 3. Criminal Review Appeals

(1) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted in a public area, with the same procedure as a Criminal Review.

(2) Criminal Review appeals shall be conducted with all three justices, and shall be the final court judgement on a case.

(3) Criminal Review appeals may be dismissed by all three justices if they hold there are no grounds for a criminal review appeal. ]]> <![CDATA[[Amendment] Criminal Code Amendment (February 2019)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=647 Wed, 06 Mar 2019 21:04:23 +0000 McChimp]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=647 Quote:
Criminal Code Amendment (February 2019)

Proposed By: McChimp
Preamble

This amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) criminalises opposition of wartime operations and incitement to commit a crime.

Section 1. Amendment of Section One

(1) Section one shall be amended to read:

[table][cell]
(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of:

a. illegally removing or altering the Mandate, the Government or the Delegate,
b. levying war or preparing to levy war against Lazarus,
c. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted in the defence of allied regions
d. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within regions with which we are at war
e. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within allies or protectorates of regions with which we are at war that have been sanctioned by a resolution of the Assembly in accordance with Section 2 Subsection 4 of the Charter of the Lazarene Regional Guard (December 2018)

shall be guilty of treason.
[/cell][/table]

Section 2. Amendment of Section Eleven

(1) Section eleven shall be amended to read:

[table][cell]
(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.
[/cell][/table] ]]> Quote:
Criminal Code Amendment (February 2019)

Proposed By: McChimp
Preamble

This amendment of the Criminal Code Act (September 2018) criminalises opposition of wartime operations and incitement to commit a crime.

Section 1. Amendment of Section One

(1) Section one shall be amended to read:

[table][cell]
(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of:

a. illegally removing or altering the Mandate, the Government or the Delegate,
b. levying war or preparing to levy war against Lazarus,
c. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted in the defence of allied regions
d. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within regions with which we are at war
e. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within allies or protectorates of regions with which we are at war that have been sanctioned by a resolution of the Assembly in accordance with Section 2 Subsection 4 of the Charter of the Lazarene Regional Guard (December 2018)

shall be guilty of treason.
[/cell][/table]

Section 2. Amendment of Section Eleven

(1) Section eleven shall be amended to read:

[table][cell]
(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.
[/cell][/table] ]]> <![CDATA[[Judicial Act] Criminal Code Act (September 2018)]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=308 Sat, 22 Sep 2018 16:11:27 +0000 McChimp]]> https://nslazarus.com/old_forum/showthread.php?tid=308 Quote:
Criminal Code Act (September 2018)
Proposed by: Amerion
Preamble

In order to maintain public law and order, this act codifies criminal actions in Lazarus.

Section 1. Treason

(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of:

a. illegally removing or altering the Mandate, the Government or the Delegate,
b. levying war or preparing to levy war against Lazarus,
c. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted in the defence of allied regions
d. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within regions with which we are at war
e. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within allies or protectorates of regions with which we are at war that have been sanctioned by a resolution of the Assembly in accordance with Section 2 Subsection 4 of the Charter of the Lazarene Regional Guard (December 2018)

shall be guilty of treason.

Section 2. Sabotage

(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of significantly disrupting, destroying, or rendering a public infrastructure unusable, shall be guilty of sabotage.

(2) Legitimate actions taken by off-site property administration of the public infrastructure shall not be considered sabotage. The root administrator of the infrastructure in question has the ultimate authority on what constitutes a legitimate action.

Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. The Court may, during the course of a criminal review or legal question, sanction the distribution of information by majority vote. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.

Section 4. Bribery

(1) Any person who offers, provides, or agrees to provide a benefit of any kind with the intention of influencing a person in the exercise of that person’s governmental duties, shall be guilty of bribery.

(2) Any person who asks, receives, or agrees to receive a benefit of any kind with the promise that receiving that benefit will influence the exercise of that person’s governmental duties, shall be guilty of bribery.

Section 5. Blackmail

(1) Any person who threatens to, attempts, or uses damaging information against a person in an effort to force them to take, or to refrain from, certain actions, shall be guilty of blackmail.

(2) Any person who threatens to, attempts, or uses real-life information against a person, shall be addressed as an out-of-character administrative matter.

Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.

Section 7. Inter-regionally Prohibited Act

(1) Any person who engages in conduct expressly prohibited in a treaty or convention of which Lazarus is party to, shall be guilty of an inter-regionally prohibited act.

Section 8. Contempt of Court

(1) Any person who intimidates or insults a person during a sitting of the Court, intentionally interrupts the proceedings of the Court, or disobeys a direction of the Court shall be guilty of contempt of court.

Section 9. Vexatious Behaviour

(1) Any person who instigates or pursues judicial proceedings without reasonable ground, or engages in conduct which is an abuse of judicial proceedings, shall be guilty of vexatious behaviour.

Section 10. Misconduct

(1) Any person who engages in conduct which knowingly or recklessly violates the person’s citizenship oath, oath taken before the Court, or any of the laws of Lazarus, shall be guilty of misconduct.

Section 11. Electoral Fraud

(1) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses the communications powers granted to regional officers in an attempt to influence, promote, or damage an electoral campaign shall have committed electoral fraud.

(2) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses any monetary method including stamps to promote themselves, their campaign, damage the campaign of another or likewise shall have committed electoral fraud.

Section 12. Obstruction of Justice

(1) Any person who exercises their governmental powers or privileges to influence, prevent or delay a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice

(2) Any person who destroys or obscures information or evidence with the purpose of influencing, preventing or delaying a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice.

Section 13. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 14. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 15. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.    ]]> Quote:
Criminal Code Act (September 2018)
Proposed by: Amerion
Preamble

In order to maintain public law and order, this act codifies criminal actions in Lazarus.

Section 1. Treason

(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of:

a. illegally removing or altering the Mandate, the Government or the Delegate,
b. levying war or preparing to levy war against Lazarus,
c. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted in the defence of allied regions
d. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within regions with which we are at war
e. taking up arms against Lazarene operations conducted within allies or protectorates of regions with which we are at war that have been sanctioned by a resolution of the Assembly in accordance with Section 2 Subsection 4 of the Charter of the Lazarene Regional Guard (December 2018)

shall be guilty of treason.

Section 2. Sabotage

(1) Any person who engages in conduct with the intention of significantly disrupting, destroying, or rendering a public infrastructure unusable, shall be guilty of sabotage.

(2) Legitimate actions taken by off-site property administration of the public infrastructure shall not be considered sabotage. The root administrator of the infrastructure in question has the ultimate authority on what constitutes a legitimate action.

Section 3. Espionage

(1) Any person who knowingly communicates information contained in a restricted area of Lazarus, in part or in whole, to a person or entity which does not have access to that restricted area, shall be guilty of espionage.

(2) The individual or government body responsible for a restricted area may sanction the distribution of information to another person or entity. The Court may, during the course of a criminal review or legal question, sanction the distribution of information by majority vote. Sharing information whose release has been sanctioned shall not be considered espionage.

Section 4. Bribery

(1) Any person who offers, provides, or agrees to provide a benefit of any kind with the intention of influencing a person in the exercise of that person’s governmental duties, shall be guilty of bribery.

(2) Any person who asks, receives, or agrees to receive a benefit of any kind with the promise that receiving that benefit will influence the exercise of that person’s governmental duties, shall be guilty of bribery.

Section 5. Blackmail

(1) Any person who threatens to, attempts, or uses damaging information against a person in an effort to force them to take, or to refrain from, certain actions, shall be guilty of blackmail.

(2) Any person who threatens to, attempts, or uses real-life information against a person, shall be addressed as an out-of-character administrative matter.

Section 6. Fraud

(1) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a citizenship application shall be guilty of fraud.

(2) Any person who, knowingly or recklessly, falsifies a material fact in any matter regarding a criminal review shall be guilty of fraud.

Section 7. Inter-regionally Prohibited Act

(1) Any person who engages in conduct expressly prohibited in a treaty or convention of which Lazarus is party to, shall be guilty of an inter-regionally prohibited act.

Section 8. Contempt of Court

(1) Any person who intimidates or insults a person during a sitting of the Court, intentionally interrupts the proceedings of the Court, or disobeys a direction of the Court shall be guilty of contempt of court.

Section 9. Vexatious Behaviour

(1) Any person who instigates or pursues judicial proceedings without reasonable ground, or engages in conduct which is an abuse of judicial proceedings, shall be guilty of vexatious behaviour.

Section 10. Misconduct

(1) Any person who engages in conduct which knowingly or recklessly violates the person’s citizenship oath, oath taken before the Court, or any of the laws of Lazarus, shall be guilty of misconduct.

Section 11. Electoral Fraud

(1) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses the communications powers granted to regional officers in an attempt to influence, promote, or damage an electoral campaign shall have committed electoral fraud.

(2) Any person who, during the course of an election, uses any monetary method including stamps to promote themselves, their campaign, damage the campaign of another or likewise shall have committed electoral fraud.

Section 12. Obstruction of Justice

(1) Any person who exercises their governmental powers or privileges to influence, prevent or delay a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice

(2) Any person who destroys or obscures information or evidence with the purpose of influencing, preventing or delaying a criminal review shall be guilty of Obstruction of Justice.

Section 13. Conspiracy

(1) Any person who prepares, incites another or plans to commit an offence enumerated herein, shall be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence.

Section 14. Guilt and Sentencing

(1) No person may be found guilty of a crime not listed in this act.

(2) If found guilty of a crime, the Delegate may impose upon the person any punishment proportionate to the offence.

Section 15. Definitions

In this Act:

‘Associated authorities’ is defined as off-site property administration including, but not limited to, the forum or Discord.

‘Banishment’ is defined as removal by the relevant authorities of a person from Lazarus.

‘Discord’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://discord.gg/dahpMU2'.

‘Governmental duties’ is defined as an action or task required by a person’s position.

‘Material fact’ is defined as one which can reasonably and plausibly be expected to affect a person's future actions.

‘Off-site property administration’ is defined as a person or group who has the authority to administer public infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the Delegate, root administrator, administrators, global moderators, and moderators.

‘Opinion’ is defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

‘Public infrastructure’ is defined as an area operated by the government or its associated authorities for use of the public, including, but not limited to, the NationStates region of Lazarus, the forum, or Discord.

‘Regional Forum’ is defined as a public infrastructure located at ‘https://nslazarus.com/index.php'.

‘Restricted area’ is defined as an area of the Regional Forum or Discord to which the general public is withheld access.

‘Root administrator’ is defined as a person who has the authority to empower and delegate administrator responsibility including, but not limited to, adding administrators, defining administrator groupings, and shutting down the public infrastructure.

‘Sitting of the Court’ is defined as an area administered by the Court.

‘Third party’ is defined as a person or group besides the two primarily involved in a situation.    ]]>